M49 626

Timor-Leste

PartialSovereign state

Timor-Leste

Primary executive

Complete

Xanana Gusmão

Head of government Active

Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste · Principal · De jure

Head of state

José Ramos-Horta

Head of state Active

President of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste · Principal

Editorial profile v1

Verified country brief

Versioned editorial facts take priority over database records on this country page.

completeAug 10, 2026

Executive system: Semi-presidential republic · One primary executive function
Dominant executive office: Head of government
Why this office is primary: The Prime Minister heads the Government and directs general policy while remaining accountable to Parliament. The directly elected President is head of state with constitutional oversight, appointment and veto powers.
Sources: National Parliament of Timor-Leste - Constitution of the Democratic Republic, Presidency of Timor-Leste - President Ramos-Horta and Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao coordinate 2026 priorities

Government

Ninth Constitutional Government of Timor-Leste

Jul 1, 2023 · De jure

National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction

CNRT

Governing

Democratic Party

Coalition

Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor

FRETILIN

Official opposition

Government of Timor-Leste - inauguration of the Ninth Constitutional Government on 1 July 2023 Presidency of Timor-Leste - President Ramos-Horta and Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao coordinate 2026 priorities

Legislature and composition

Unicameral

National Parliament of Timor-Leste

Jun 22, 2023

National Parliament

65 Seats

CNRT31 / 65

FRETILIN19 / 65

PD6 / 65

KHUNTO5 / 65

PLP4 / 65

National Parliament of Timor-Leste - current legislature National Election Commission - 2023 National Parliament election record

Next election

Date not scheduled

Next Timor-Leste presidential election

Date not scheduled · Presidential election

Electoral system: Preparations are under way for the 2027 presidential cycle, but the National Election Commission has not announced a polling date or certified candidates.

National Election Commission - preparations for the next presidential cycle

Latest election

Completed

2022 Timor-Leste presidential election

Apr 19, 2022 · Presidential election

Electoral system: Direct popular vote using a two-round system; Jose Ramos-Horta defeated Francisco Guterres in the runoff.
Published result: José Ramos-Horta · 62.1%; Francisco Guterres · 37.9%

National Election Commission - 2022 presidential election second-round record

Current policy issues

1Economic diversification and private-sector growthPresidency of Timor-Leste - President Ramos-Horta and Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao coordinate 2026 priorities, Government of Timor-Leste - programme of the Ninth Constitutional Government
2Infrastructure and essential public servicesPresidency of Timor-Leste - President Ramos-Horta and Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao coordinate 2026 priorities, Government of Timor-Leste - programme of the Ninth Constitutional Government
3Agriculture and food securityPresidency of Timor-Leste - President Ramos-Horta and Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao coordinate 2026 priorities
4Municipal decentralization and local governmentNational Election Commission - preparations for the next presidential cycle, Government of Timor-Leste - programme of the Ninth Constitutional Government

Indexed party landscape

Parties and alliances currently indexed for this jurisdiction. Active and historical labels reflect the source dataset, not an official national register.

Partial