M49 064

Bhutan

PartialSovereign state

Bhutan

Primary executive

Partial

Tshering Tobgay

Head of government Active

Lyonchhen, Prime Minister of Bhutan · Principal · De jure

Head of state

Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck

Head of state Active

His Majesty The Druk Gyalpo, King of Bhutan · Principal

Editorial profile v1

Verified country brief

Versioned editorial facts take priority over database records on this country page.

completeAug 10, 2026

Executive system: Constitutional monarchy · One primary executive function
Dominant executive office: Head of government
Why this office is primary: Bhutan is a democratic constitutional monarchy. The Druk Gyalpo is head of state, while the Prime Minister heads the elected Government and directs public policy.
Sources: National Assembly of Bhutan - Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Dakyen conferred to the Prime Minister and Cabinet on 28 January 2024

Government

Royal Government of Bhutan led by Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay

Jan 28, 2024 · De jure

People's Democratic Party

PDP

Governing

Bhutan Tendrel Party

BTP

Official opposition

Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Dakyen conferred to the Prime Minister and Cabinet on 28 January 2024 Election Commission of Bhutan - declaration of the 2024 National Assembly general-election results

Legislature and composition

Bicameral

Parliament of Bhutan

Jan 28, 2024

National Assembly

47 Seats

PDP30 / 47

BTP17 / 47

National Council

25 Seats

National Assembly of Bhutan - Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan Election Commission of Bhutan - declaration of the 2024 National Assembly general-election results National Council of Bhutan - current upper house

Next election

Date not scheduled

Next Bhutanese National Assembly election

Date not scheduled ·

Electoral system: The next regular election is due by 2029, but the Election Commission has not announced a polling date or candidate list.

National Assembly of Bhutan - Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan Election Commission of Bhutan - National Assembly elections

Latest election

Completed

2024 Bhutanese National Assembly election

Jan 9, 2024 ·

Electoral system: In the general-election round, voters elected one member in each of 47 constituencies between the two parties that qualified in the primary round.
Published result: PDP · 30 Seats; BTP · 17 Seats

Election Commission of Bhutan - declaration of the 2024 National Assembly general-election results

Current policy issues

1High-income Gross National Happiness economyPrime Ministers Office - Thirteenth Five Year Plan and key performance priorities
2Full employment and workforce skillsPrime Ministers Office - Thirteenth Five Year Plan and key performance priorities
3Quality health care and educationPrime Ministers Office - Thirteenth Five Year Plan and key performance priorities
4Sustainable infrastructure and economic diversificationPrime Ministers Office - Thirteenth Five Year Plan and key performance priorities

Indexed party landscape

Parties and alliances currently indexed for this jurisdiction. Active and historical labels reflect the source dataset, not an official national register.

Partial